{
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 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/costs",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:costs",
 "name": "Costs",
 "termCode": "costs",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
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 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7840-1847"
 },
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   "value": [
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   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782198-023",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3782198-023",
   "text": "Peer to peer networks scale more favorably than client server architectures because client server costs increase linearly per unit while peer to peer network costs can decrease with each added node, depending on topology.",
   "abstract": "Network effects proliferate in peer-to-peer networks because, unlike the traditional client- server architecture which is subject to the linearly increasing per-unit costs, the peer- to-peer network costs can decrease with each added node (depending on topology).",
   "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Contemporary Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782198",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "asserted",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "depends on network topology"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "e7e1378e3eed06cace6534e7792a7307d607d18bc6beb4ac45896476280728e4",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/7596939-030",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:7596939-030",
   "text": "Every mediated arrangement faces a structural cost the agent does not: it must carry capital growing with the record's value, or review slashes at a rate growing with their frequency.",
   "abstract": "Should intelligent agents have legal rights? This Article sets that question aside and asks a smaller one that matters more in practice. An intelligent agent that earns a reputation record has something to lose.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Should an Intelligent Agent Have Legal Rights? (2026). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=7596939",
   "datePublished": "2026",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "the class of mechanisms in Part VI.B"
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 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'costs'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}