{
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 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/counterparty-discipline",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:counterparty-discipline",
 "name": "Counterparty discipline",
 "termCode": "counterparty-discipline",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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 "sha256": "54123039881f4f1b523cefd64e9c04e664172f8fcdf75ea9f1d4f88101795cfa",
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   "value": 2
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   "value": 2
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   "@type": "PropertyValue",
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   "value": [
    "2014",
    "2019"
   ]
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 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2470008-013",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2470008-013",
   "text": "The absence of financial market repercussions from the Amaranth failure suggests that indirect regulation of private funds, achieved by having regulators press banks to limit leverage extended to their fund clients, worked.",
   "abstract": "The lack of financial market repercussion after the Amaranth failure seems to suggest that this approach was successful.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, The Systemic Risk of Private Funds after the Dodd-Frank Act (2014). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2470008",
   "datePublished": "2014",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "post LTCM supervisory practice of monitoring fund clients through bank leverage limits",
    "the Amaranth failure in 2006"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "5f68a401c935527d89658171e9b48a4d186710459aaf2bdbead755507394e8c9",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3405660-021",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3405660-021",
   "text": "Indirect regulation minimizes regulatory expense by relying on the private sector risk practices of counterparties and creditors, producing an equilibrium between regulatory cost and regulatory attainment.",
   "abstract": "Relying on private sector practices by counterparties and creditors minimizes regulatory expenses significantly. Indirect regulation enables a state of equilibrium between costs and attainments of regulatory initiatives.",
   "citation": "Kaal, Indirect Regulation of Hedge Funds (2019). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3405660",
   "datePublished": "2019",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "counterparties and creditors actually maintain disciplined private sector practices"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "cf507b1833071765bc13a5605f38c2591582eca85f40869e38b6ff075c04d29d",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'counterparty-discipline'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}