# Design

`kaal:entity:design`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 5 claims that carry the concept tag `design`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

5 claims across 4 works, 2019 to 2025.

**2019**

- [3405401-034](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3405401-034) [design/argued] -- The required review of counterparty history is possible through a platform that creates reputation for both parties and for the smart contract itself, so reputation must attach to code as well as to persons.
  > This is possible through a platform that creates reputation for both parties and for the smart contract itself.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Decentralized Commerce – A Primer on Why Decentralized Reputation Verification Systems Are Needed (2019). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3405401

**2021**

- [3782191-018](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782191-018) [design/asserted] -- Future decentralized infrastructure products, such as a decentralized verification engine, need to be built to address the inaccuracy of randomly generated information in decentralized systems.
  > These are exactly the type of shortcomings future decentralized infrastructure products, such as a decentralized verification engine, need to address.
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Preface to (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782191
- [3782201-019](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782201-019) [design/argued] -- The correct goal is not to eliminate the middlemen but to automate them, because unlike human middlemen automated middlemen can be designed so that they do not contribute to the corruption they were built to fight.
  > Automating these middlemen functions makes them more efficient, like the chemical catalysts in a cell. Unlike human middlemen, automated middlemen can be designed so that they don't contribute to the corruption they were designed to fight.
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Future of Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782201

**2025**

- [5454054-002](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/5454054-002) [design/asserted] -- LER should be built as a bifurcated architecture: voucher-based rewards for equities held in brokerage accounts, and programmable on-chain reward units for tokenized equities.
  > LER employs a bifurcated architecture: voucher-based rewards for brokerage-held equities and programmable, on-chain reward units for tokenized equities.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Liquid Equity Rewards (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5454054
- [5454054-023](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/5454054-023) [design/argued] -- LER can be engineered outside the Howey test by keeping reward units consumptive as discounts or credits, non-yielding, unmarketed for appreciation, and by disabling secondary trading.
  > LER could be engineered to fall outside of the Howey test. This is possible by avoiding a reasonable expectation of profits derived from the efforts of others. LER voucher loyalty reward units remain consumptive as discounts/credits, non-yielding, and not marketed for appreciation.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Liquid Equity Rewards (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5454054

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/design.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.