# Direct regulation

`kaal:entity:direct-regulation`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 2 claims that carry the concept tag `direct-regulation`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

2 claims across 2 works, 2011 to 2019.

**2011**

- [1806252-034](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1806252-034) [condition/argued] -- Without the threat of systemic risk and without a clear delineation of the social externalities that hedge funds cause, the purpose of direct hedge fund regulation is unclear.
  > Without the threat of systemic risk and without a clear delineation of social externalities caused by hedge funds, the purpose of direct hedge fund regulation is unclear.
  Kaal, Hedge Fund Regulation Via Basel III (2011). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1806252

**2019**

- [3405660-001](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3405660-001) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Direct hedge fund regulation faces a two sided trap: strong direct rules push hedge funds offshore where they escape regulation altogether, while weak rules leave investors without adequate protection.
  > Yet, regulators are faced with the problem of jurisdictional arbitrage, i.e. if they regulate directly, hedge funds may relocate offshore and escape from regulation altogether. If regulators impose weak regulations, investors may not be afforded adequate protection.
  Kaal, Indirect Regulation of Hedge Funds (2019). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3405660

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/direct-regulation.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.