{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/disclosure-avoidance",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:disclosure-avoidance",
 "name": "Disclosure avoidance",
 "termCode": "disclosure-avoidance",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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   "value": 2
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   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2013",
    "2013"
   ]
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 ],
 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2348463-014",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2348463-014",
   "text": "The definition of representation in Revised Rule 2019 leaves it unclear whether attorneys who merely monitor a bankruptcy case for a client, without soliciting or advocating a position before the court, represent those clients for disclosure purposes.",
   "abstract": "it is unclear if attorneys who merely monitor a bankruptcy case on behalf of a client but do not solicit or advocate a position before the bankruptcy court \"represent\" their respective clients under Revised Rule 2019.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Hedge Funds’ Systemic Risk Disclosures in Bankruptcy (2013). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2348463",
   "datePublished": "2013",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "attorneys retained to monitor rather than advocate",
    "Revised Rule 2019 definitions of represents and disclosable economic interest"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "b3682f24c0b277b3307fb9f54cd17a4e0a87b48eecba34b40e189212f20c9a22",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2348463-025",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2348463-025",
   "text": "Revised Rule 2019 may in effect produce less overall disclosure of creditor activities in the bankruptcy process and push bankruptcy creditors into the shadows, the opposite of the transparency the revision sought.",
   "abstract": "Revised Rule 2019 may in effect result in less overall disclosure of creditor activities in the bankruptcy process and may push bankruptcy creditors into the shadows",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Hedge Funds’ Systemic Risk Disclosures in Bankruptcy (2013). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2348463",
   "datePublished": "2013",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "if the rule reaches only parties who appear publicly in court or serve on official committees",
    "groups that negotiate a plan without appearing in court"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "b3682f24c0b277b3307fb9f54cd17a4e0a87b48eecba34b40e189212f20c9a22",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'disclosure-avoidance'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}