# Due diligence failure

`kaal:entity:due-diligence-failure`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 3 claims that carry the concept tag `due-diligence-failure`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

3 claims across 1 works, 2016 to 2016.

**2016**

- [2811718-026](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2811718-026) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Funds of funds claimed to select the best managers through skilled due diligence and charged standard 2 and 20 fee structures for that service, while in reality depositing the vast majority of their capital into Madoff's opaque fund.
  > and investment analysis practices and then in return charged their investors standard private fund fee structures (2/20).139 In reality, most of these funds were depositing the vast majority of their capital into Madoff's black box of a fund.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Private Fund Investor Due Diligence – Evidence from 1995 to 2015 (2016). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2811718
- [2811718-028](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2811718-028) [failure/evidenced] *(failure mode)* -- Because Madoff overtly disallowed scrutiny of his secretive and unconventional practices, it was impossible for feeder funds such as Rye to perform the due diligence they had represented to investors.
  > Again, it was impossible for a fund like Rye to perform due diligence as Madoff overtly disallowed such due diligence of his extremely secretive and unconventional practices.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Private Fund Investor Due Diligence – Evidence from 1995 to 2015 (2016). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2811718
- [2811718-032](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2811718-032) [failure/evidenced] *(failure mode)* -- Expert testimony identifies recurring failures in private fund due diligence, including the absence of any written policy or process to ensure compliance and reliance on individuals with little or no experience, particularly with the particulars of hedge funds.
  > Major failures or red flags in private fund IDD among private fund advisers include: (1) a lack of written policy or processes in place to ensure compliance;236 (2) the individual conducting the due diligence having little to no experience (especially on the particulars of hedge funds);
  Wulf A. Kaal, Private Fund Investor Due Diligence – Evidence from 1995 to 2015 (2016). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2811718

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/due-diligence-failure.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.