# Emergency powers

`kaal:entity:emergency-powers`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 2 claims that carry the concept tag `emergency-powers`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

2 claims across 2 works, 2021 to 2025.

**2021**

- [3782193-038](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782193-038) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- When the executive branch is given more centralizing power during a crisis, or simply takes it, the mechanism for removing that power once the threat has passed has rarely been followed.
  > When the executive branch is given more centralizing power during a crisis, or simply takes it, the mechanism for removing that power when the threat is over has rarely been followed.
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Historical Sketches of Centralization vs. Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782193

**2025**

- [5886342-040](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/5886342-040) [design/asserted] -- In exceptional situations requiring urgent action the Governing Council may enact emergency amendments, which must be narrowly focused, well justified and reviewed within a defined timeframe.
  > (4) In exceptional situations requiring urgent action, the Governing Council may enact emergency
  Furrer Andreas, Wulf A. Kaal, Stephan D. Meyer, Universal Digital Law Codex (UDLC) (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5886342

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/emergency-powers.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.