# Empirical study

`kaal:entity:empirical-study`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 2 claims that carry the concept tag `empirical-study`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

2 claims across 2 works, 2013 to 2016.

**2013**

- [kaal-2013-acomparativeperspectiveo-009](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/kaal-2013-acomparativeperspectiveo-009) [empirical/evidenced] -- Courts often provide very specific language about the standard of conduct expected of directors, but lawyers do not sufficiently communicate that expected conduct to directors.
  > Professors Johnson & Garvis show in an empirical study that courts often provide very specific language regarding the appropriate standard of conduct for directors.17 However, their study highlights that lawyers do not sufficiently communicate to directors what conduct is expected of them.
  Kaal, A Comparative Perspective on the Limitations of the Duty of Oversight – A Comment on Lisa Fairfax (2013)

**2016**

- [2811729-002](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2811729-002) [empirical/evidenced] -- Unconstrained mutual funds share multiple investment strategy and risk attributes with fixed income hedge funds, a finding the authors ground in trading data and prospectuses of all such funds launched from 2010 through 2015.
  > article demonstrates that unconstrained mutual funds share multiple investment strategy and risk attributes with fixed income hedge funds.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Unconstrained Mutual Funds and Retail Investor Protection (2016). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2811729

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/empirical-study.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.