{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/european-commission",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:european-commission",
 "name": "European commission",
 "termCode": "european-commission",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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   "name": "status",
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   "value": [
    "2012",
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 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2061166-023",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2061166-023",
   "text": "The authors contend that the European Commission's suggested floor of 4 to 19 percent of risk-weighted assets in pre-qualified bail-inable debt under the targeted approach is unrealistically high.",
   "abstract": "The Commission suggests that the pre-qualified amount of debt could include a fixed minimum for all institutions between 4 and 19 per cent of risk-weighted assets.470 Although these numbers seem unrealistically high",
   "citation": "Christoph K. Henkel, Wulf A. Kaal, Contingent Capital in European Union Bank Restructuring (2012). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2061166",
   "datePublished": "2012",
   "claim_type": "empirical",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "targeted approach in the DG Internal Market working document"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "43625ea260d0fc045e86d3435df50c9d0ca4abf8542e6085a6165be6653b4a7b",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2061166-024",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2061166-024",
   "text": "Implementing the European Commission's debt write-down proposal has the potential to increase funding costs for financial institutions and to make their funding more volatile.",
   "abstract": "The implementation of the debt write-down in the European Commission proposal also has the potential of increasing funding costs for financial institutions475 and could make funding more volatile.",
   "citation": "Christoph K. Henkel, Wulf A. Kaal, Contingent Capital in European Union Bank Restructuring (2012). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2061166",
   "datePublished": "2012",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "evidenced",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "statutory bail-in regime as proposed by the Commission"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "43625ea260d0fc045e86d3435df50c9d0ca4abf8542e6085a6165be6653b4a7b",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'european-commission'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}