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 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/ex-parte-communications",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:ex-parte-communications",
 "name": "Ex parte communications",
 "termCode": "ex-parte-communications",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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 "additionalProperty": [
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   "value": 2
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   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2016",
    "2016"
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 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2740477-015",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2740477-015",
   "text": "The existing rulemaking process prohibits ex parte communications and insufficiently integrates brainstorming and ideas across industries, and therefore may actually undermine innovation rather than merely lag behind it.",
   "abstract": "the existing rulemaking process prohibits ex parte communications and insufficiently integrates brainstorming and ideas across industries, and therefore may actually undermine innovation.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Erik P.M. Vermeulen, Venture Capital as Dynamic Regulation of Disruptive Innovation (2016). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2740477",
   "datePublished": "2016",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "formal notice and comment rulemaking"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "c72871b76fa2ad5a8a69ee8d3defc8f64e624be9052ce763e79cf6c58883f726",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2808132-015",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2808132-015",
   "text": "The current regulatory framework lacks any mechanism that anticipatorily informs rulemakers of beneficial innovative ideas, and because the rulemaking process prohibits ex parte communications and integrates cross-industry brainstorming poorly, the process may actually undermine innovation.",
   "abstract": "informs rulemakers of beneficial innovative ideas. In fact, the existing rulemaking process prohibits ex parte communications and insufficiently integrates brainstorming and ideas across industries, and therefore may actually undermine innovation.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Erik P.M. Vermeulen, How to Regulate Disruptive Innovation - From Facts to Data (2016). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2808132",
   "datePublished": "2016",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "notice and comment rulemaking under the existing administrative framework"
   ],
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   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'ex-parte-communications'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}