# Extra legal forces

`kaal:entity:extra-legal-forces`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 2 claims that carry the concept tag `extra-legal-forces`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

2 claims across 1 works, 2013 to 2013.

**2013**

- [2317580-006](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2317580-006) [design/argued] -- Although CIAs sit outside the formal legal framework that defines fiduciary duties, they belong to the penumbra of extra legal forces that clarifies what is expected of directors.
  > While CIAs are outside the traditional legal framework that formally defines fiduciary duties, they fit into the penumbra of extra-legal forces11 that helps to clarify the expectations for directors.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Elizabeth R. Malay, The Role of Corporate Integrity Agreements in the Expansion of Fiduciary Duties (2013). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2317580
- [2317580-009](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2317580-009) [mechanism/argued] -- Because state fiduciary duty law is permissive rather than regulatory, fiduciary standards can legitimately develop from non-legislative sources, which makes extra legal forces a proper source for shaping fiduciary duties.
  > Because state fiduciary duty law is permissive rather than regulatory, fiduciary standards can develop from non-legislative sources.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Elizabeth R. Malay, The Role of Corporate Integrity Agreements in the Expansion of Fiduciary Duties (2013). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2317580

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/extra-legal-forces.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.