# Federal reserve

`kaal:entity:federal-reserve`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 5 claims that carry the concept tag `federal-reserve`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

5 claims across 4 works, 2012 to 2017.

**2012**

- [2061166-039](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2061166-039) [normative/argued] -- Given the European initiatives on contingent capital and the nascent European market in contingent capital securities, the Board of Governors of the United States Federal Reserve would be well advised to consider implementing contingent capital standards.
  > Given the European initiatives on contingent capital and the nascent market in European contingent capital securities, the Board of Governors of the United States Federal Reserve would be well advised to consider implementing contingent capital standards.
  Christoph K. Henkel, Wulf A. Kaal, Contingent Capital in European Union Bank Restructuring (2012). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2061166

**2014**

- [2470008-019](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2470008-019) [mechanism/argued] -- SIFI designation changes the nature of regulation for a nonbank financial institution, subjecting it to substantial additional regulation and forcing it to change how it does business, which can in turn constrain its growth.
  > Designation as a systemically important financial institution (SIFI) would change the nature of the regulation for the respective nonbank financial institution and subject such entity to substantial additional regulations,149 requiring the respective entity to change the way it does business.
  Wulf A. Kaal, The Systemic Risk of Private Funds after the Dodd-Frank Act (2014). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2470008

**2016**

- [2748096-027](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2748096-027) [empirical/asserted] -- The FSOC's powers over hedge funds and other nonbank financial institutions are broad and unprecedented in U.S. financial regulation, including the power to subject hedge funds to extensive Federal Reserve supervision and to designate a fund systemically important on its own initiative by a two-thirds vote.
  > The FSOC's powers over hedge funds and other nonbank financial institutions are broad and unprecedented in U.S. financial regulation. The FSOC has the power to subject hedge funds to extensive supervision by the Federal Reserve.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Timothy A. Krause, Hedge Funds and Systemic Risk (2016). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2748096

**2017**

- [2957645-014](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2957645-014) [empirical/evidenced] -- Section 165(b) of the Dodd-Frank Act already authorizes the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve to utilize contingent capital, so the mechanism has a statutory foundation in United States law.
  > Section 165(b) of the Dodd-Frank Act authorizes the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve to utilize contingent capital.28
  Kaal, Dynamic Regulation via Contingent Capital (2017). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2957645
- [2957645-024](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2957645-024) [design/argued] -- Contingent capital could create a regime for providing countercyclical regulatory capital that further enhances the regulatory capital requirements of the Federal Reserve and those under Basel III.
  > Accordingly, contingent capital could create a regime for providing countercyclical regulatory capital51 that further enhances regulatory capital requirements of the Federal Reserve52 and under Basel III.53
  Kaal, Dynamic Regulation via Contingent Capital (2017). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2957645

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/federal-reserve.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.