# Fee pressure

`kaal:entity:fee-pressure`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 4 claims that carry the concept tag `fee-pressure`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

4 claims across 2 works, 2017 to 2017.

**2017**

- [2959730-009](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2959730-009) [empirical/evidenced] -- Market evidence of pressure on the fee structure includes investor withdrawals of $70.1 billion from the private investment fund industry in 2016 and 1,057 fund closures in 2016, exceeding the 1,023 liquidations in 2009 and approaching the record 1,471 closures in 2008.
  > Private fund investors withdrew $70.1 billion from the private investment fund industry in 2016.24 In 2016 a total of 1,057 private investment funds closed down, exceeding the 1,023 liquidations of private investment funds in 2009, and falling just shy of the record 1,471 closures in 2008.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Blockchain Applications and Fee Structure Developments in Private Investment Funds (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2959730
- [2959730-036](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2959730-036) [predictive/argued] -- The combination of increased transparency, reduced costs, and competitive performance enabled by blockchain use may confer a competitive advantage that continues to exert pressure on fees charged by competitor funds.
  > The increased transparency, reduced costs, and competitive performance enabled by LendingRobot's use of blockchain technology may give it a competitive advantage in the private fund industry that could continue to exert pressure on fees charged by competitor funds.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Blockchain Applications and Fee Structure Developments in Private Investment Funds (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2959730
- [2959730-037](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2959730-037) [mechanism/argued] -- Blockchain enabled platforms for setting up private investment funds exert significant pressure on the existing fee structure because they generate competitive gains through fewer cost and time barriers to setting up and running a fund.
  > Blockchain-enabled platforms for setting up a private investment fund cause significant pressure on the existing fee structure of the private investment fund industry.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Blockchain Applications and Fee Structure Developments in Private Investment Funds (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2959730
- [2998033-028](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2998033-028) [empirical/evidenced] -- The private fund industry contracted sharply in 2016: a total of 1,057 private investment funds closed down, exceeding the 1,023 liquidations of 2009 and falling just short of the record 1,471 closures in 2008.
  > In 2016 a total of 1,057 private investment funds closed down, exceeding the 1,023 liquidations of private investment funds in 2009, and falling just shy of the record 1,471 closures in 2008.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Blockchain Innovation for Private Investment Funds (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2998033

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/fee-pressure.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.