{
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 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/financial-institutions",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:financial-institutions",
 "name": "Financial institutions",
 "termCode": "financial-institutions",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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 "sha256": "1d52c7f7a1cda212349ac0af786f17f82fe8a9bebab4e137a2d433c828506070",
 "additionalProperty": [
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   "name": "status",
   "value": "derived"
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   "value": 2
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   "value": [
    "2015",
    "2018"
   ]
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 ],
 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2629451-010",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2629451-010",
   "text": "The U.S. financial corporations subject to N/DPAs collectively exceed $690 billion in market capitalization and more than $20 trillion in assets under management, making N/DPA governance intervention economically consequential.",
   "abstract": "The collective market capitalization of U.S. financial corporations that are subject to NDPAs exceeds $690 billion and exceeds over $20 trillion in assets under management (Copland 2012).",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Timothy Lacine, Stock Price Response to Non- and Deferred Prosecution Agreements (2015). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2629451",
   "datePublished": "2015",
   "claim_type": "empirical",
   "confidence": "evidenced",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "U.S. financial corporations subject to N/DPAs as of the Copland 2012 count"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "507404d641abb922ab6d8e3a0b032e35ead2befd7b88746d09d178a8fa816957",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3117224-036",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3117224-036",
   "text": "The National Bank of Serbia holds that financial institutions may not participate in ICOs or other cryptocurrency investments because cryptocurrencies are not legal tender.",
   "abstract": "Serbia has taken the position that financial institutional are not allowed to participate in ICO's or other cryptocurrency investments because they are not legal tender.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Initial Coin Offerings The Top 25 Jurisdictions and Their Comparative Regulatory Responses (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3117224",
   "datePublished": "2018",
   "claim_type": "condition",
   "confidence": "evidenced",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "Serbia"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "83e9ccb9219a217d9fcfc5c098b897229ee7cf85623bee3ae22d2e986548466b",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'financial-institutions'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}