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 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/financial-services",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:financial-services",
 "name": "Financial services",
 "termCode": "financial-services",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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   "value": [
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  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1806252-020",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:1806252-020",
   "text": "Discrimination against non-EU jurisdictions under the AIFM Directive could provoke retaliatory action, and retaliation combined with a lack of intra-European cooperation could damage the European financial services industry and the whole European economy.",
   "abstract": "Discrimination against non-EU jurisdictions could provoke retaliatory action. As a consequence, retaliatory actions and a lack of intra-European cooperation could damage the European financial services industry and the whole European economy.",
   "citation": "Kaal, Hedge Fund Regulation Via Basel III (2011). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1806252",
   "datePublished": "2011",
   "claim_type": "predictive",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "obstacles to EU market access for non-EU funds and managers persist"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "3343ebfe05a925c3d1a75625c4b351ccff515c50819a48d155804daacf01429d",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3227933-024",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3227933-024",
   "text": "There is great regulatory uncertainty around blockchain and smart contracts, especially in financial services, and legal frameworks globally will have to change to adapt to the growing use of the technology.",
   "abstract": "Finally, there is a great deal of regulatory uncertainty surrounding blockchain and smart contracts, especially in the financial services industry. Legal frameworks globally will have to change to adapt to the growing use of this type of new technology.",
   "citation": "Mark Fenwick, Wulf A. Kaal, Erik P.M. Vermeulen, Why 'Blockchain' Will Disrupt Corporate Organizations (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3227933",
   "datePublished": "2018",
   "claim_type": "predictive",
   "confidence": "asserted",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "especially financial services"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "a9e9660c4dc25a2202f1da4e762f5885256e05f68c53ca51942f5833a7a4c108",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3808859-004",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3808859-004",
   "text": "Fintech is a precursor of decentralization rather than merely a financial innovation, because it pushes information toward the edge of the system and forces disrupted financial conglomerates to serve consumers better.",
   "abstract": "Fintech brings information closer to the edge and serves the consumers, it disrupts centralized structures in finance and forces the disrupted financial conglomerates to serve the consumer better. As such, Fintech epitomizes some of the core principles of decentralization.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Decentralization – Why We Need Technology Infrastructure Upgrades (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3808859",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "304ad25d43b5ecea3158e3a2ca04e6e1e3bd2958e2134e2dcefbfedf3b6f3ab7",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "3 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'financial-services'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}