# Fundraising

`kaal:entity:fundraising`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 3 claims that carry the concept tag `fundraising`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

3 claims across 3 works, 2016 to 2019.

**2016**

- [2714974-019](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2714974-019) [empirical/asserted] *(failure mode)* -- Although the JOBS Act rules freed hedge fund managers to advertise, talk to reporters, and speak at conferences from September 23, 2013, very few managers actually engage in these less restrictive communications with potential investors.
  > Yet, very few hedge fund managers are actually engaging in less restrictive communications with potential investors.
  Kaal and Oesterle, The History of Hedge Fund Regulation in the United States (2016). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2714974

**2019**

- [3406323-004](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3406323-004) [empirical/evidenced] -- The ICO share of total blockchain startup fundraising collapsed from about 80% to roughly 35% by August 2018, recovered only marginally to 40% to 50% through February 2019, and then fell to 20% in March 2019.
  > The percentage of ICOs in relation to total fundraising of blockchain startups dropped from 80% to around 35% in August 2018 and only marginally recovered between September 2018 and February 2019 at around 40% to 50% before dropping to 20% in March 2019.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Decentralization - A Primer on the New Economy (2019). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3406323
- [3409548-032](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3409548-032) [empirical/evidenced] -- ICO funding collapsed as a share of blockchain startup fundraising, falling from 80% to around 35% by August 2018, recovering only marginally to 40% to 50% between September 2018 and February 2019, and dropping to 20% in March 2019.
  > The percentage of ICOs in relation to total fundraising of blockchain startups dropped from 80% to around 35% in August 2018 and only marginally recovered between September 2018 and February 2019 at around 40% to 50% before dropping to 20% in March 2019.
  Kaal, Financial Technology and Hedge Funds (2019). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3409548

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/fundraising.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.