{
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 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/generalization",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:generalization",
 "name": "Generalization",
 "termCode": "generalization",
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 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
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 "subjectOf": [
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   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4855607-004",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:4855607-004",
   "text": "Deep learning models adapt to changes in data distribution far less readily than human learning does, which limits their reliability once the operating environment diverges from the training data.",
   "abstract": "Furthermore, deep learning models are not as adaptable to changes in data distribution as human learning, which can adapt more quickly to new situations and contexts.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, How AI Models are Optimized Through Web3 Governance (2024). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4855607",
   "datePublished": "2024",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "evidenced",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "settings where the data distribution shifts after training"
   ],
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   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/5541658-002",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:5541658-002",
   "text": "Early legal expert systems failed because they were brittle: they could not handle unforeseen complexity and could not generalize beyond the domains they were explicitly programmed for.",
   "abstract": "However, early expert systems were brittle, struggling with unforeseen complexities and lacking the ability to generalize beyond their programmed",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Morgan A. Gray, The Evolving Role of Artificial Intelligence in Law (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5541658",
   "datePublished": "2025",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "rule-based systems of the 1980s"
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   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'generalization'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}