{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/groupthink",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:groupthink",
 "name": "Groupthink",
 "termCode": "groupthink",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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   "value": 4
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   "value": [
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 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3071378-023",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3071378-023",
   "text": "A corporation that lacks diversity and allows group thinking will struggle to identify issues because it needs a fresh perspective, which harms the corporation long term by reducing its ability to identify its own strengths and weaknesses.",
   "abstract": "Similarly, if a corporation lacks diversity and allows group thinking, the board will likely struggle to identify issues because the corporation needs a fresh perspective.77 This can harm the corporation in the long term as it is less able to identify strengths and weaknesses.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Blockchain Technology and Race in Corporate America (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3071378",
   "datePublished": "2017",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "boards and corporations without diverse membership"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "125f01674d13b6bb0310c4be7a20ff538dccbc36ecf352770b3c580028387edd",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3071378-026",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3071378-026",
   "text": "Allowing minorities onto the board increases creativity through the different perspectives they represent, which acts as a defense against groupthink.",
   "abstract": "Board diversity benefits corporations. By allowing minorities on the board, creativity increases with the different perspectives represented by minorities which acts as a defense against groupthink.87",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Blockchain Technology and Race in Corporate America (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3071378",
   "datePublished": "2017",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
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   "scope_conditions": [
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  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3071378-027",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3071378-027",
   "text": "Because directors must act in good faith and in the best interests of the corporation, and a diverse board helps protect against group thinking, fiduciary obligations supply a business reason for board diversity.",
   "abstract": "Arguably, a diverse board helps protect against group thinking which is in the best interest of the corporation.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Blockchain Technology and Race in Corporate America (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3071378",
   "datePublished": "2017",
   "claim_type": "normative",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "boards subject to fiduciary duties of care and good faith"
   ],
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   "status": "current"
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  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3808873-022",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3808873-022",
   "text": "Because humans crave certainty as complexity grows exponentially, they favor dogmatic approaches, and dogmatic approaches to new problems are unlikely to yield the needed solutions while groupthink and other forms of dogma undermine society's collective intelligence and decentralized decision making.",
   "abstract": "Dogmatic approaches to new problems are unlikely to present the much-needed solutions. Groupthink and other forms of dogma undermine society's collective intelligence and decentralized decision making.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Decentralization Neutralizers (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3808873",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "environments of exponentially growing complexity and uncertainty in the 21st century"
   ],
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   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "4 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'groupthink'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}