{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/history",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:history",
 "name": "History",
 "termCode": "history",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/history.md",
 "sha256": "e292a0430b61c90a216a106eb4b92e945d9ace63f72807ab46bf4ff2d5897644",
 "additionalProperty": [
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "status",
   "value": "derived"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "claim_count",
   "value": 7
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "work_count",
   "value": 3
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2019",
    "2021"
   ]
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "non_current_claims",
   "value": 0
  }
 ],
 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3405401-028",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3405401-028",
   "text": "Until blockchain technology was introduced via bitcoin in 2009, decentralized reputation systems mostly relied on the old and corruptible concept of the Web of Trust.",
   "abstract": "Until blockchain technology was introduced via bitcoin in 2009, decentralized reputation system mostly relied on the old and corruptible concept of the Web of Trust.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Decentralized Commerce – A Primer on Why Decentralized Reputation Verification Systems Are Needed (2019). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3405401",
   "datePublished": "2019",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "asserted",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "period before 2009"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "bc2d6f0ddc0852fb4085c4543c7c1dec19aaf8745eb67e3acc637e552bd7fb7d",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782205-036",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3782205-036",
   "text": "News services acting as oracles and information repositories must themselves be decentralized if the decentralized economy is to have a trustworthy information layer.",
   "abstract": "News services (oracles) and information repositories need to be decentralized.",
   "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Eight Institutions for the Evolution of Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782205",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "design",
   "confidence": "asserted",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "5ba52c63e81019b6867fb29c4a50821ff574e510d79b31b8ce9f4c726a0ebc71",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782217-001",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3782217-001",
   "text": "Market liquidity depends on trustworthiness, and trustworthiness depends on observed momentum: isolated instances of motion are insufficient, because the observations must be collected into a history before they carry weight and meaning.",
   "abstract": "To achieve liquidity, marketplaces must be trustworthy. They need momen- tum. It's not enough to achieve motion in any particular instance. Momentum must be observed to give trust to the marketplace. These observations need to be collected in a history to give them weight and meaning.",
   "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, The Importance of History In Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782217",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "asserted",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "marketplaces seeking liquidity"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "358779557d8e7dcd101720ca0fad90b9146d24f1c7c03909eb431fcf1fb7e103",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782217-013",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3782217-013",
   "text": "Robust decentralized oracles do not yet exist despite well funded proposals, because decentralized oracles are themselves DAOs and therefore inherit the same missing incentive structure, governance processes, and history that all DAOs suffer from.",
   "abstract": "Put simply, decentralized oracles are DAOs, so they still lack the proper incentive structure and governance processes and history that all DAOs suffer from.",
   "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, The Importance of History In Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782217",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "state of the technology at the time of writing"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "358779557d8e7dcd101720ca0fad90b9146d24f1c7c03909eb431fcf1fb7e103",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782217-014",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3782217-014",
   "text": "A decentralized oracle is not secure until it has significant momentum and history, and it is not even truly decentralized until it has a large network of active members.",
   "abstract": "A decen- tralized oracle is not secure until it has significant momentum and history—an oracle is not even truly decentralized until this is achieved, until it has a large network of active members.",
   "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, The Importance of History In Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782217",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "condition",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "oracle networks"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "358779557d8e7dcd101720ca0fad90b9146d24f1c7c03909eb431fcf1fb7e103",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782217-032",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3782217-032",
   "text": "From a game theory perspective the open source culture advocated in the Web3 movement is not sustainable in the long term unless it is married with a culture of respect for history.",
   "abstract": "the current open source culture advocated in the WebM movement is not sustainable in the long term. Unless we marry it with a culture of respect for history.",
   "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, The Importance of History In Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782217",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "long term horizon",
    "absence of a culture acknowledging past contributions"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "358779557d8e7dcd101720ca0fad90b9146d24f1c7c03909eb431fcf1fb7e103",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782217-038",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3782217-038",
   "text": "Review creates a decentralized history for a DAO, and that history gives the organization momentum, gives meaning and focus to perception, and is the basis for making governance, understood as steering, more effective.",
   "abstract": "Review helps create a decentralized history for a DAO, which gives them momentum. History gives meaning and focus to our perceptions. History is the basis for making governance (steering) more effective.",
   "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, The Importance of History In Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782217",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "DAOs with reviewable histories"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "358779557d8e7dcd101720ca0fad90b9146d24f1c7c03909eb431fcf1fb7e103",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "7 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'history'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}