{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/incumbent-resistance",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:incumbent-resistance",
 "name": "Incumbent resistance",
 "termCode": "incumbent-resistance",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/incumbent-resistance.md",
 "sha256": "c83df2b5bcd3f461ff3646e1f75fc6127ca130ae65e2f9e76ab9279ca10ce6d4",
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   "name": "status",
   "value": "derived"
  },
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   "name": "claim_count",
   "value": 3
  },
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   "name": "work_count",
   "value": 3
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2017",
    "2017"
   ]
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "non_current_claims",
   "value": 0
  }
 ],
 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2939127-029",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2939127-029",
   "text": "The legal disputes already generated by sharing platforms indicate that future blockchain enabled sharing services will not be accepted quickly or without resistance from incumbents whose service or product delivery is challenged.",
   "abstract": "The existing legal issues arising in the context of sharing platforms,83 demonstrate that future blockchain- enabled sharing services may not be accepted quickly and without resistance on the part of incumbents challenged by new ways of delivering a service or product.",
   "citation": "Mark Fenwick, Wulf A. Kaal, Erik P. M. Vermeulen, Legal Education in the Blockchain Revolution (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2939127",
   "datePublished": "2017",
   "claim_type": "predictive",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "blockchain enabled sharing services entering markets with entrenched incumbents"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "abcef529c7200261c59eec43018375b3b26e3186239fb9d002bacc298dba26ff",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2998033-006",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2998033-006",
   "text": "Blockchain enabled services should expect the same incumbent resistance that sharing platforms encountered, so technical viability will not by itself produce rapid market acceptance.",
   "abstract": "future blockchain-enabled sharing services may not be accepted quickly and without resistance on the part of incumbents challenged by new ways of delivering a service or product.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Blockchain Innovation for Private Investment Funds (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2998033",
   "datePublished": "2017",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "applies where incumbents are challenged by a new way of delivering an existing service or product"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "aafb1be3c25cd33da477d759df9ca2f856f0a8fe133d6396da2e75d0af573dbd",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3071378-011",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3071378-011",
   "text": "Judging by the legal issues that arose around sharing platforms, blockchain-enabled sharing services will likely not be accepted quickly or without resistance from incumbents challenged by new ways of delivering a service or product.",
   "abstract": "The existing legal issues arising in the context of sharing platforms,55 demonstrate that future blockchain-enabled sharing services may not be accepted quickly and without resistance on the part of incumbents challenged by new ways of delivering a service or product.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Blockchain Technology and Race in Corporate America (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3071378",
   "datePublished": "2017",
   "claim_type": "predictive",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "services that displace incumbent delivery models"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "125f01674d13b6bb0310c4be7a20ff538dccbc36ecf352770b3c580028387edd",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "3 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'incumbent-resistance'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}