# Judicial reasoning

`kaal:entity:judicial-reasoning`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 3 claims that carry the concept tag `judicial-reasoning`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

3 claims across 2 works, 2011 to 2025.

**2011**

- [1765901-009](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1765901-009) [normative/argued] -- Judge Baer's dismissal of the Porsche complaint reaches the correct result under Morrison, but parts of his reasoning require further refinement.
  > In sum, Judge Baer's holding is correct under Morrison, but some of the reasoning needs further refinement.
  Kaal and Painter, The Aftermath of Morrison v. National Australia Bank and Elliott Associates v. Porsche (2011). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1765901

**2025**

- [5541658-010](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/5541658-010) [design/evidenced] -- The Shenzhen courts illustrate a workable three step human-in-the-loop design for generative judicial AI: the judge decides first, the LLM generates the supporting reasoning, and the judge then revises that output to finalize the judgment.
  > A notable case study from Shenzhen, China, illustrates a three-step interaction pattern: judges make initial decisions, LLMs generate reasoning based on these decisions, and judges revise the output to finalize judgments.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Morgan A. Gray, The Evolving Role of Artificial Intelligence in Law (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5541658
- [5541658-034](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/5541658-034) [predictive/argued] -- Even as LLMs for judicial reasoning become more sophisticated, their inability to replicate empathy and social responsiveness will confine them to supportive rather than decisional functions.
  > However, AI's inability to replicate empathy and social responsiveness will limit its role to supportive functions.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Morgan A. Gray, The Evolving Role of Artificial Intelligence in Law (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5541658

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/judicial-reasoning.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.