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 "identifier": "kaal:entity:large-managers",
 "name": "Large managers",
 "termCode": "large-managers",
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 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
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   "value": [
    "2017",
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 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2959730-027",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2959730-027",
   "text": "The threshold for change for bigger fund managers is dictated by the implementation cost of the new technologies.",
   "abstract": "The threshold for change for bigger managers may be dictated by the implementation cost of such new technologies.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Blockchain Applications and Fee Structure Developments in Private Investment Funds (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2959730",
   "datePublished": "2017",
   "claim_type": "condition",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "large private equity and hedge fund advisers",
    "adoption follows once long term benefits exceed implementation cost"
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   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2998033-026",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2998033-026",
   "text": "Large managers will begin adopting blockchain and related technologies only once the long term benefits exceed implementation cost, and because implementation cost is much higher for large managers than for the small managers now experimenting, adoption is delayed at the top of the industry.",
   "abstract": "If and when the long-term benefits of using the technologies exceed the implementation cost, which are much larger for larger managers than for the smaller managers who are currently experimenting with such technologies, larger managers are incentivized to start the innovation process as well.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Blockchain Innovation for Private Investment Funds (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2998033",
   "datePublished": "2017",
   "claim_type": "condition",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "assumes implementation cost scales with manager size"
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   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3409548-037",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3409548-037",
   "text": "Most large private equity and hedge fund advisers have not yet even considered combining blockchain with big data and artificial intelligence, leaving first mover efficiency gains to smaller competitors.",
   "abstract": "Most large fund advisers in the private equity and hedge fund industry have not yet considered implementing blockchain technology in combination with big data applications and artificial intelligence.",
   "citation": "Kaal, Financial Technology and Hedge Funds (2019). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3409548",
   "datePublished": "2019",
   "claim_type": "empirical",
   "confidence": "asserted",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "large fund advisers as of 2019"
   ],
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   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3409548-038",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3409548-038",
   "text": "Large managers will begin innovating only once the long-term benefits of the technologies exceed their implementation cost, and because that cost is much larger for large managers than for the smaller managers currently experimenting, the threshold for change is higher for them.",
   "abstract": "If and when the long- term benefits of using the technologies exceed the implementation cost, which are much larger for larger managers than for the smaller managers who are currently experimenting with such technologies, larger managers are incentivized to start the innovation process as well.",
   "citation": "Kaal, Financial Technology and Hedge Funds (2019). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3409548",
   "datePublished": "2019",
   "claim_type": "condition",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "larger fund managers facing higher implementation costs than smaller rivals"
   ],
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  }
 ],
 "description": "4 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'large-managers'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}