{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/law-firms",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:law-firms",
 "name": "Law firms",
 "termCode": "law-firms",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/law-firms.md",
 "sha256": "4be0b3fff54cbce5b442853e1e821dd63f9c96753307fee1eb07fb97651ac0d0",
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   "value": "derived"
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   "value": 3
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   "value": 3
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   "value": [
    "2010",
    "2018"
   ]
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  }
 ],
 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1664809-030",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:1664809-030",
   "text": "If section 7216 is enacted, European plaintiffs and defendants will likely turn to the expertise of American law firms, which would further exacerbate the already difficult competitive situation of European law firms.",
   "abstract": "will likely turn to the expertise of American law firms.",
   "citation": "Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Extraterritorial Application of US Securities Law – Will the US Become the Default Jurisdiction for (2010). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1664809",
   "datePublished": "2010",
   "claim_type": "predictive",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "enactment of section 7216"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "2d5c8c30f969f8eb613bfa1fe6888a7cfa1a452e1027bcda0489618ceac62c20",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2939127-003",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2939127-003",
   "text": "Even the law firms that are best at finding innovative solutions for clients remain reluctant to fully adopt Legal Tech innovations, so quality of client service does not predict willingness to adopt.",
   "abstract": "While the better firms often find innovative solutions to their clients' problems, even those firms are reluctant to fully embrace Legal Tech innovations.",
   "citation": "Mark Fenwick, Wulf A. Kaal, Erik P. M. Vermeulen, Legal Education in the Blockchain Revolution (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2939127",
   "datePublished": "2017",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "law firms and in-house legal departments as of 2017"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "abcef529c7200261c59eec43018375b3b26e3186239fb9d002bacc298dba26ff",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3227967-014",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3227967-014",
   "text": "The most important consequence of legal startups is that the legal profession will be forced to innovate in perpetuity, a task that overextended and cumbersome legal organizations which have lost the capacity for rapid re-invention cannot easily accomplish.",
   "abstract": "Second, and most importantly, the legal profession will be forced by such startup companies to innovate in perpetuity, a task that is not easily accomplished by overextended and – often – cumbersome legal organizations that have lost the capacity for rapid re-invention.",
   "citation": "Mark Fenwick, Wulf A. Kaal, Erik P.M. Vermeulen, Legal Education in a Digital Age Why 'Coding for Lawyers' Matters (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3227967",
   "datePublished": "2018",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "incumbent law firms and legal departments facing startup competition"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "f6e13b956f864ab32ec3305d095a35a127770327d75b3688f785cefc437d369f",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "3 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'law-firms'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}