# Legislation

`kaal:entity:legislation`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 5 claims that carry the concept tag `legislation`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

5 claims across 5 works, 2010 to 2025.

**2010**

- [1664809-008](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1664809-008) [definitional/asserted] -- Section 7216 of the Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2009 would extend federal antifraud jurisdiction to conduct within the United States constituting significant steps in furtherance of a violation, even when the securities transaction occurs abroad and involves only foreign investors.
  > conduct within the United States that constitutes significant steps in furtherance of the violation, even if the securities transaction occurs outside the United States and
  Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Extraterritorial Application of US Securities Law – Will the US Become the Default Jurisdiction for (2010). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1664809

**2017**

- [2992962-014](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2992962-014) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Even if a state or the federal government passed a law granting a court authority over blockchain smart contract disputes, it is hard to see how the court could in fact exercise that authority short of limiting access to the internet itself.
  > But even if a given State or even the Federal Government were to pass a law that would grant such authority to a court, it is hard to see how the court would in fact exercise such authority, short of limiting access to the internet itself.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Craig Calcaterra, Crypto Transaction Dispute Resolution (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2992962

**2019**

- [3409548-016](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3409548-016) [empirical/evidenced] -- The legal limitations on smart contracts are slowly disappearing through state legislation, as shown by Arizona's 2017 law making smart contracts fully enforceable and Delaware's parallel Blockchain Initiative proposals.
  > Such limitations are slowly disappearing. For instance, Arizona passed a law in early 2017 that makes smart contracts fully enforceable under Arizona law.67 Delaware is looking into similar rules proposed in the Blockchain Initiative.
  Kaal, Financial Technology and Hedge Funds (2019). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3409548

**2021**

- [3782214-028](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782214-028) [design/argued] -- Instability generated by the rigidity of rules is solved by making the rules dynamic, with an appeals process stabilizing short term cooperation at the level of the single contract and legislation handling longer term amendment.
  > The instability generated by the rigidity of the rules is solved by making the rules dynamic. Dynamic governance includes short-term and long-term protocols. An ap- peals process stabilizes short-term cooperation (day to day business, single contract).
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Decentralized Governance (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782214

**2025**

- [5887242-003](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/5887242-003) [failure/asserted] *(failure mode)* -- Each traditional lawmaking channel fails the speed test in its own way: legislatures need years for a single technological shift, judicial precedent lags even further behind, and international treaties ossify at the moment of ratification.
  > Traditional legislatures require years to address a single technological shift. Judicial precedent lags even further behind. International treaties ossify upon ratification.
  Wulf A. Kaal, The UDLC DAO Operationalizing a Continuously Evolving Universal Digital Law Codex Through Weighted (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5887242

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/legislation.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.