# Liveness

`kaal:entity:liveness`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 2 claims that carry the concept tag `liveness`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

2 claims across 1 works, 2018 to 2018.

**2018**

- [3125827-008](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3125827-008) [condition/evidenced] -- Given that Byzantine faults are inevitable in a distributed system, the known impossibility results force any consensus protocol to hedge: it can promise only a probability of finality and security, and that probability is inversely proportional to liveness and speed.
  > Given the inevitable possibility of Byzantine faults in a distributed system, such results require any protocol to hedge, promising only a probability of finality and security inversely proportional to liveness and speed.
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Secure Proof of Stake Protocol (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3125827
- [3125827-010](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3125827-010) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- If a blockchain cannot restart or regenerate autonomously after going offline or losing most active nodes, it needs social coordination between nodes; that requirement threatens anonymity and forces reliance on famous nodes.
  > can the blockchain restart or regenerate autonomously13? Or is there a need for social coordination between the nodes? If so, anonymity is threatened and famous nodes are required.
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Secure Proof of Stake Protocol (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3125827

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/liveness.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.