{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/margining",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:margining",
 "name": "Margining",
 "termCode": "margining",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/margining.md",
 "sha256": "3cdada89c47afe4404d66167a93a9221e752f952d82d04a798b1acaed1261036",
 "additionalProperty": [
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "status",
   "value": "derived"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "claim_count",
   "value": 2
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "work_count",
   "value": 1
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2019",
    "2019"
   ]
  },
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   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "non_current_claims",
   "value": 0
  }
 ],
 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3411110-024",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3411110-024",
   "text": "The regulatory challenges of blockchain based offerings should be addressed by revising federal securities law provisions to recognize digital securities, to permit broad based trading of equity-equivalent digital securities, and to permit their margining.",
   "abstract": "may be in part addressed by revising several federal securities law provisions to allow: (i) recognition of \"digital securities,\" (ii) broad-based trading of equity-equivalent \"digital securities,\" and (iii) margining of \"digital securities.\"",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Samuel Evans, Blockchain-Based Securities Offerings (2019). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3411110",
   "datePublished": "2019",
   "claim_type": "design",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "U.S. federal securities law"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "c7626eeb7642045b79f8745df1f7232a8fe8bc44a1f7e87b592850e35b392b50",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3411110-033",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3411110-033",
   "text": "Widespread retail investor trading of digital securities, including the ability to margin them, is the linchpin of survivability for blockchain based securities offerings; without retail access the technology may remain marginalized in the offering process.",
   "abstract": "will be the linchpin of survivability and evolution of blockchain-based securities offerings. Without retail investor access, the technology may remain marginalized in the offering process.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Samuel Evans, Blockchain-Based Securities Offerings (2019). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3411110",
   "datePublished": "2019",
   "claim_type": "condition",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "retail investor access on a widespread basis",
    "margining of digital securities permitted"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "c7626eeb7642045b79f8745df1f7232a8fe8bc44a1f7e87b592850e35b392b50",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'margining'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}