{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/marketing",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:marketing",
 "name": "Marketing",
 "termCode": "marketing",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/marketing.md",
 "sha256": "edd2f93fe4a6923000679392721ba55e2a4035d87e8fd7b0d478e3c1ff4c6265",
 "additionalProperty": [
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   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "status",
   "value": "derived"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "claim_count",
   "value": 4
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "work_count",
   "value": 3
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2017",
    "2022"
   ]
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "non_current_claims",
   "value": 0
  }
 ],
 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3067615-037",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3067615-037",
   "text": "ICO promoters should not allow tokens to be traded before the underlying protocol network or application is live, and should not use a landing page that focuses almost exclusively on the ICO while providing less content on the product, project, technology, and team.",
   "abstract": "Such practices include allowing tokens to be traded before underlying protocol network or application is live, using a landing page that focuses almost exclusively on the ICO with project timeline etc. but provides less content on product, project, technology, and team.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Marco Dell'Erba, Initial Coin Offerings Emerging Practices, Risk Factors, and Red Flags (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3067615",
   "datePublished": "2017",
   "claim_type": "design",
   "confidence": "asserted",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "emerging bad ICO practices identified in 2017"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "164ce15b9eb1e8847ebcb073f5b23a96b4974ad0308d77469a9455d4a1ebeb38",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3409548-004",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3409548-004",
   "text": "Easier access to trading data and to information about the hedge fund industry has been a significant factor in the growth of hedge fund assets, because analytic platforms let managers manipulate peer and style data and build targeted marketing materials.",
   "abstract": "Easier access to trading data and information about the hedge fund industry has been a significant factor in the growth of hedge fund assets.",
   "citation": "Kaal, Financial Technology and Hedge Funds (2019). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3409548",
   "datePublished": "2019",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "commercial hedge fund databases and analytic platforms available"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "74227ab2656b06bfe4a29c942fc2ba26df9f476917e0a9f85ec038b8c3402c40",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4015908-020",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:4015908-020",
   "text": "Without significant marketing a fair launch token is less likely to reach a diverse set of market participants, and projects reaching only a few hundred investors with small million dollar market caps are much more prone to abuse and manipulation.",
   "abstract": "Without significant marketing of the project, it is less likely the token will reach a diverse set of market participants. Projects that only reach a few hundred investors and only small million-dollar market caps are much more prone to abuse and manipulation.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Fair Token Launch (2022). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4015908",
   "datePublished": "2022",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "token launches with limited marketing reach"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "e0925afde0c42a16cd5310983789fae3eb3d1f121e2954a72afa64191d00fe37",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4015908-021",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:4015908-021",
   "text": "Equal opportunity access points for public marketing incentives cannot be guaranteed and require constant reevaluation, so the public marketing permission for any fair token launch should be restricted to a limited percentage of total token supply.",
   "abstract": "These equal opportunity access points cannot be guaranteed and the process is subject to constant reevaluation. The public marketing permission for any fair token launch should be restricted to a limited percentage of total token supply.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Fair Token Launch (2022). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4015908",
   "datePublished": "2022",
   "claim_type": "design",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "fair launch project grants public marketing incentives"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "e0925afde0c42a16cd5310983789fae3eb3d1f121e2954a72afa64191d00fe37",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "4 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'marketing'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}