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 "identifier": "kaal:entity:measurement-limitations",
 "name": "Measurement limitations",
 "termCode": "measurement-limitations",
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 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
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 "subjectOf": [
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   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2486570-014",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2486570-014",
   "text": "Where coded categories such as cooperating, disclosure, and internal review fall well short of 100 percent of the sample, the shortfall may reflect a gap in what the agreements record rather than a real absence of those corporate actions, so the coded frequencies understate actual conduct.",
   "abstract": "there is a chance that we may be capturing a gap in what is recorded in the N/DPAs in the sample, rather than a real absence of these factors.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Timothy Lacine, The Effect of Deferred and Non-Prosecution Agreements on Corporate Governance Evidence from 1993-20 (2014). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2486570",
   "datePublished": "2014",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "applies to categories whose coded frequency is not near 100 percent"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "8c3981c9a55d8a3fe59a01660584eebc3feb3fb9109ca65344095bebe4ae49a4",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2811718-013",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2811718-013",
   "text": "The Form ADV analysis is limited because the term due diligence carries multiple possible meanings, so counts of the term cannot by themselves distinguish among those meanings.",
   "abstract": "The data analysis in Figures 1 and 2 is limited by multiple possible meanings of the term due diligence.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Private Fund Investor Due Diligence – Evidence from 1995 to 2015 (2016). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2811718",
   "datePublished": "2016",
   "claim_type": "empirical",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "keyword based counting of the phrase due diligence in Form ADV II filings"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "b52152af561288173840a1cabbcf8f4b337e73507c856ee01600799073f4156f",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'measurement-limitations'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}