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 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/minority-underrepresentation",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:minority-underrepresentation",
 "name": "Minority underrepresentation",
 "termCode": "minority-underrepresentation",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
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 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3071378-002",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3071378-002",
   "text": "In the Fortune 1000 sample, minorities hold about 15 percent of employee positions but only 6 percent of management positions and 3 percent of executive level management positions, so representation falls as seniority rises.",
   "abstract": "In the sample dataset of Fortune 1000 companies, 37% of employees are women and about 15% are minorities.16 Management positions are held only at 17% by women and 6% by minorities.17 Executive level management positions are only at 6% women and 3% minorities.18",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Blockchain Technology and Race in Corporate America (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3071378",
   "datePublished": "2017",
   "claim_type": "empirical",
   "confidence": "evidenced",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "Fortune 1000 sample dataset cited in the text"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "125f01674d13b6bb0310c4be7a20ff538dccbc36ecf352770b3c580028387edd",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3071378-022",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3071378-022",
   "text": "The clone syndrome, meaning companies' desire to hire people similar to the existing workforce, causes minority underrepresentation and makes it difficult for minorities and women to break into jobs predominantly held by white men.",
   "abstract": "The clone syndrome,75 e.g. companies desire to hire people that are similar to the existing work- force, can lead to minority underrepresentation in corporations.76 The clone syndrome makes it difficult for a minority and women to break into a job predominantly held by white men.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Blockchain Technology and Race in Corporate America (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3071378",
   "datePublished": "2017",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "hiring into roles predominantly held by white men"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "125f01674d13b6bb0310c4be7a20ff538dccbc36ecf352770b3c580028387edd",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'minority-underrepresentation'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}