{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/misrepresentation",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:misrepresentation",
 "name": "Misrepresentation",
 "termCode": "misrepresentation",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/misrepresentation.md",
 "sha256": "f9df232d17ad036e8da53e8b45d27e99b6f099cd17122702bd22512eae6db27b",
 "additionalProperty": [
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "status",
   "value": "derived"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "claim_count",
   "value": 2
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "work_count",
   "value": 1
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2016",
    "2016"
   ]
  },
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   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "non_current_claims",
   "value": 0
  }
 ],
 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2811718-017",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2811718-017",
   "text": "While some courts found that a complete lack of investor due diligence can amount to securities fraud or breach of contract, and that lacking due diligence can breach fiduciary duties, the majority of courts evaluate private fund due diligence issues in the context of misrepresentation.",
   "abstract": "IDD can be a breach of fiduciary duties,84 the majority of courts evaluate issues pertaining to private fund IDD in the context of misrepresentation.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Private Fund Investor Due Diligence – Evidence from 1995 to 2015 (2016). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2811718",
   "datePublished": "2016",
   "claim_type": "empirical",
   "confidence": "evidenced",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "United States courts",
    "2005 to 2015 litigation record"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "b52152af561288173840a1cabbcf8f4b337e73507c856ee01600799073f4156f",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2811718-018",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2811718-018",
   "text": "Successful claims based on lacking investor due diligence typically require a complete failure to perform due diligence despite explicit promises to perform it; promising due diligence and then conducting none except in isolated incidents is actionable misrepresentation.",
   "abstract": "Successful lawsuits in the context of lacking IDD typically require a complete lack of due diligence despite explicit promises to perform such due diligence.90 Promising to conduct due diligence and then failing to conduct any (except in isolated incidents), is actionable misrepresentation.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Private Fund Investor Due Diligence – Evidence from 1995 to 2015 (2016). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2811718",
   "datePublished": "2016",
   "claim_type": "condition",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "private fund due diligence litigation",
    "explicit promise to perform due diligence"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "b52152af561288173840a1cabbcf8f4b337e73507c856ee01600799073f4156f",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'misrepresentation'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}