{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/non-custodial",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:non-custodial",
 "name": "Non custodial",
 "termCode": "non-custodial",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/non-custodial.md",
 "sha256": "ce76274373e0a9e1574e53d1a142ad79e1c6d0a1eb80bca1f27a5b436ca94944",
 "additionalProperty": [
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   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "status",
   "value": "derived"
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   "value": 4
  },
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   "value": 3
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2021",
    "2021"
   ]
  },
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   "name": "non_current_claims",
   "value": 0
  }
 ],
 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3936876-029",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3936876-029",
   "text": "Custodial service providers spend proportionally less on IT security than non custodial ones: custodians spend between 6 and 10 percent of resources on IT security while non custodial service providers spend between 11 and 20 percent.",
   "abstract": "Notably, custodians spend between 6% to 10% of their resources on IT security while non-custodial service providers spend between 11% to 20% of its resources, both financial and human, on IT security.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Hayley Howe, Custody of Digital Assets (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3936876",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "empirical",
   "confidence": "evidenced",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "surveyed cryptoasset service providers in the 2020 benchmarking study"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "9bc0903d01910460298e754c451f027df4324367359800a98ee8e638d94aff55",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3936876-043",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3936876-043",
   "text": "Centralized custody solutions and decentralized non custodial deal platforms will run in parallel until both are more established, and existing DeFi trends suggest the decentralized non custodial deal platforms will produce more innovation and better deals.",
   "abstract": "The existing trends in DeFi seem to suggest that the decentralized non-custodial deal platforms will have more innovation and better deals.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Hayley Howe, Custody of Digital Assets (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3936876",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "predictive",
   "confidence": "speculative",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "based on trends in DeFi as of 2021",
    "author explicitly marks the outcome as uncertain"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "9bc0903d01910460298e754c451f027df4324367359800a98ee8e638d94aff55",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3949098-036",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3949098-036",
   "text": "The DAOIC pools no assets: the smart contract releases each member's deposit directly to the project after validation pool approval, and returns on purchases are likewise not pooled but paid pro rata to members in proportion to their reputation token holdings.",
   "abstract": "releases the deposit directly to the project. No pooling of assets takes place. The ROP from each deal is also not pooled but rather paid out pro rata to the DAOIC members in proportion to their RNFT holdings.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Reputation as Capital – How DAOs Upgrade Finance (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3949098",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "design",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "non custodial DAOIC model coordinated by smart contracts"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "04297905564a6092b2db7640561f58fd374d3114c79527357bad09d11b909819",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3962614-038",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3962614-038",
   "text": "In the non custodial DAO investment club model all of the return on purchase is minted into fungible reputation tokens that get paid as reputation salaries following decentralized governance, which provides the best incentive alignment for members and the highest potential return for all involved.",
   "abstract": "In this model, all of the ROP is minted into fungible reputation tokens that get paid as reputation salaries following decentralized governance. This model provides the best incentive alignment for DAOIC members with the highest potential return for all involved.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, REPUTATION AS CAPITAL – How Decentralized Autonomous Organizations Address Shortcomings in the Ventu (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3962614",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "design",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "the non custodial DAO investment club model with smart contracts"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "c6e202e77fd08db801f932774026458b94e5d103abf30cb1189fe6a1c5edf391",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "4 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'non-custodial'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}