# Normalization

`kaal:entity:normalization`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 2 claims that carry the concept tag `normalization`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

2 claims across 2 works, 2017 to 2026.

**2017**

- [3002908-032](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3002908-032) [empirical/evidenced] *(failure mode)* -- Raw country level counts overstate American leadership: normalizing by population shows roughly 7.5 million people per blockchain fund in the United States against roughly 2.8 million in the United Kingdom, so the distribution across countries is more even than the map suggests.
  > Although the map suggests that the United States is heavily invested in blockchain, in comparison with other countries we see a more even distribution between countries than the map would suggest.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Marco Dell'Erba, Blockchain Innovation in Private Investment Funds - A Comparative Analysis of the United States and (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3002908

**2026**

- [6192998-024](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/6192998-024) [design/argued] -- Citations should be mandatory and constrained to sum to one, which prevents arbitrary weighting, and citation honesty should be established as a game theoretic equilibrium rather than assumed.
  > but with critical additions: (1) citations are mandatory and constrained to sum to 1, preventing arbitrary weighting, and (2) we provide game-theoretic analysis establishing citation honesty as an equilibrium (see Section IV.E).
  Wulf A. Kaal, Evolution of Domain-Specific Reputation Systems From Binary Validation to Citation-Weighted Knowledge Attribution (2026). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=6192998

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/normalization.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.