{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/occ",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:occ",
 "name": "Occ",
 "termCode": "occ",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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   "value": 3
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  },
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   "value": [
    "2021",
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  }
 ],
 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3936876-028",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3936876-028",
   "text": "Information security infrastructure and controls to mitigate hacking, theft, and fraud must be enhanced when maintaining custody of digital assets, because digital assets have unique technical characteristics.",
   "abstract": "Information security infrastructure and controls to mitigate hacking, theft, and fraud need to be enhanced when maintaining custody of digital assets due to their unique technical characteristics.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Hayley Howe, Custody of Digital Assets (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3936876",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "design",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "banks and custodians holding digital assets"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "9bc0903d01910460298e754c451f027df4324367359800a98ee8e638d94aff55",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3936876-031",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3936876-031",
   "text": "Specialized digital custody audit procedures for verifying that a bank maintains access controls over a cryptographic key differ from the audit procedures used for physical assets, so some risk management processes must be tailored for digital custody.",
   "abstract": "Specialized digital custody audit procedures for verifying the bank maintains access controls for a cryptographic key will differ from the procedures used for physical assets.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Hayley Howe, Custody of Digital Assets (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3936876",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "design",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "national banks providing cryptocurrency custody"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "9bc0903d01910460298e754c451f027df4324367359800a98ee8e638d94aff55",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3936876-035",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3936876-035",
   "text": "Becoming an OCC regulated trust is one route by which crypto exchanges can operate nationwide without securing state level licenses in each of the 49 states that require one.",
   "abstract": "Becoming an OCC-regulated trust is one way crypto exchanges can operate nationwide without needing to secure state-level licenses in each of the 49 different U.S. states (Montana doesn't have a licensing requirement).",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Hayley Howe, Custody of Digital Assets (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3936876",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "asserted",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "United States, national trust charter route"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "9bc0903d01910460298e754c451f027df4324367359800a98ee8e638d94aff55",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "3 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'occ'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}