{
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 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/overhead-institutions",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:overhead-institutions",
 "name": "Overhead institutions",
 "termCode": "overhead-institutions",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
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 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782220-012",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3782220-012",
   "text": "Automating insurance away with smart contracts risks a race to the bottom, because foregoing insurance is more efficient in the short term for an individual, yet the resulting rare unprotected tragedies can chill the entire system.",
   "abstract": "we must avoid a race to the bottom. It's more efficient in the short term for an individual to forego any insurance, so some will outcompete others if they are lucky enough to avoid rare tragedies. But the rare unprotected tragedies can chill the entire system.",
   "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, The Importance of Transcendental Unifying Values for Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782220",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "automated smart contract insurance",
    "individually optimizing agents"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "f0bf1e80c6da60a6f8ba20630562bdf1dab171ccb5267f497dc0b815113cde99",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782220-014",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3782220-014",
   "text": "Overhead institutions such as insurance and policing act as catalysts supplying the activation energy that guarantees liquidity in both government and private business.",
   "abstract": "Overhead institutions, like insurance or policing, provide the catalyst activation energy to guarantee liquidity in business—both government and private.",
   "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, The Importance of Transcendental Unifying Values for Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782220",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "f0bf1e80c6da60a6f8ba20630562bdf1dab171ccb5267f497dc0b815113cde99",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782220-015",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3782220-015",
   "text": "Overhead institutions that protect or promote essentials should be governed and borne by the group, while those protecting nonessentials should be governed and borne privately, with each DAO deciding for itself what is essential to its function.",
   "abstract": "Overhead institutions to protect or promote essentials should be governed and borne by the group, protecting and promoting non- essentials should be governed and borne privately. Each DAO must decide what is es- sential to its function;",
   "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, The Importance of Transcendental Unifying Values for Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782220",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "design",
   "confidence": "asserted",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "per DAO determination",
    "democratic decision within the DAO's own system"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "f0bf1e80c6da60a6f8ba20630562bdf1dab171ccb5267f497dc0b815113cde99",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "3 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'overhead-institutions'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}