# Ownership

`kaal:entity:ownership`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 5 claims that carry the concept tag `ownership`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

5 claims across 4 works, 2019 to 2023.

**2019**

- [3411110-007](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3411110-007) [mechanism/argued] -- Because direct ownership on a blockchain removes the need for the Depository Trust Corporation to hold the certificate and for a broker to record beneficial ownership, agency costs can be cut and ownership clarity increases.
  > By establishing a system that makes the DTC obsolete, agency costs have the potential to be cut and clarity surrounding ownership will increase.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Samuel Evans, Blockchain-Based Securities Offerings (2019). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3411110

**2020**

- [3709041-009](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3709041-009) [definitional/argued] -- Decentralism, unlike capitalism and socialism, does not resolve who owns assets but rather calls the concept of ownership itself into question and reorients the question toward the largest possible utility of assets for humankind.
  > decentralism calls the concept of ownership into question and focuses on the largest possible utility of assets for human kind.
  Kaal, Blockchain Technology for Good (2020). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3709041

**2021**

- [3936876-037](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3936876-037) [mechanism/argued] -- While the majority of cryptocurrency spot exchanges require ownership to be surrendered in order to transact, decentralized exchanges introduce the ability for users to transact without exposing their private keys to vulnerability.
  > While the majority of cryptocurrency spot exchanges require ownership to be surrendered in order to transact, DEXs are introducing the ability for users to transact without exposing private keys to vulnerability.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Hayley Howe, Custody of Digital Assets (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3936876

**2023**

- [4529715-026](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4529715-026) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Many DAO platforms accept the idea that they must first build a centralized organization and decentralize later once proper protocols are in place, but this mindset undermines the power and accessibility to ownership that is the foundation of a DAO.
  > Many platforms seem to agree with the idea that they must first create a centralized organization that will later become decentralized once they implement proper protocols and procedures. This mindset, however, undermines the power and ultimate accessibility to ownership
  Wulf A. Kaal, Josh Bykowski, Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAO) – A Market Meta Analysis (2023). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4529715
- [4529715-027](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4529715-027) [condition/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Meaningful accessibility in a DAO is impossible if voting rights and ownership are merely passive purchasable assets, no different from traditional stock.
  > accessibility will not be possible if voting rights and ownership are merely passive purchasable assets, not unlike traditional stock today.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Josh Bykowski, Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAO) – A Market Meta Analysis (2023). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4529715

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/ownership.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.