# Platform business

`kaal:entity:platform-business`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 6 claims that carry the concept tag `platform-business`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

6 claims across 2 works, 2018 to 2021.

**2018**

- [3266953-001](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3266953-001) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Internet based platform businesses and distributed ledger technology businesses have not reached their full potential, and the core factor holding them back is worldwide decreasing trust in the internet together with under developed trust in decentralized technology solutions.
  > Multiple studies, data, and anecdotal evidence suggest that one core factor that undermines their evolution is the worldwide decreasing trust in the internet and under-developed trust in decentralized technology solutions.
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Gopinath Sivalingam, Reputation Protocol for the Internet of Trust - Conceptual Whitepaper (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3266953
- [3266953-003](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3266953-003) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Digitized and automated trust is not a stable substitute for institutional trust, because it is experiencing crises of its own that undermine the proliferation of value enhancing internet based platform businesses and distributed ledger technology businesses.
  > Yet, this digitized trust is experiencing its own crises which undermines the proliferation of value-enhancing internet-based platform businesses and DLT businesses.
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Gopinath Sivalingam, Reputation Protocol for the Internet of Trust - Conceptual Whitepaper (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3266953
- [3266953-009](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3266953-009) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Users on internet based platforms earn their reputation but do not own it, so if a platform deletes an account, years of reputation data disappear and users have near zero ability to reclaim it.
  > Users earned their reputation but do NOT own reputation - e.g. if Facebook and other internet-based platform businesses accidentally deleted user account, years of data would be removed and users have near zero ability to reclaim the data
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Gopinath Sivalingam, Reputation Protocol for the Internet of Trust - Conceptual Whitepaper (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3266953
- [3266953-010](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3266953-010) [failure/asserted] *(failure mode)* -- Financial and reputation scores are trapped in platform silos, and that data incompatibility undermines interoperability between platforms and leaves no way to aggregate a user's reputation across disparate platforms.
  > All financial and reputation scores are trapped in Silos. Such reputation data incompatibility undermines interoperability between platforms. There is also no way to aggregate user reputation in disparate platforms.
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Gopinath Sivalingam, Reputation Protocol for the Internet of Trust - Conceptual Whitepaper (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3266953
- [3266953-011](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3266953-011) [empirical/asserted] *(failure mode)* -- Nobody has yet created a reputation engine that is genuinely resistant to Sybil attack and that cannot be corrupted regardless of the economics at stake, despite the many platforms that capture reputation.
  > Yet, nobody has created a truly Sybil-attack resistant reputation engine that cannot be corrupted, regardless of the economics at stake.
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Gopinath Sivalingam, Reputation Protocol for the Internet of Trust - Conceptual Whitepaper (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3266953

**2021**

- [3808859-012](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3808859-012) [mechanism/argued] -- Platform businesses compound their advantage in technology infrastructure: platform data improves the platform's own technology, improved technology improves services, and better services generate still more data, creating a permanent learning and optimization environment.
  > The feedback effects between data generation and technology optimization and vice versa creates a permanent learning and optimization environment for platform businesses.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Decentralization – Why We Need Technology Infrastructure Upgrades (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3808859

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/platform-business.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.