{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/protocol-subversion",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:protocol-subversion",
 "name": "Protocol subversion",
 "termCode": "protocol-subversion",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/protocol-subversion.md",
 "sha256": "94dc569624d5b785054127af0b2c163b49b1e30acefdb68d18e7d339ff339c50",
 "additionalProperty": [
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "status",
   "value": "derived"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "claim_count",
   "value": 2
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "work_count",
   "value": 2
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2019",
    "2021"
   ]
  },
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   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "non_current_claims",
   "value": 0
  }
 ],
 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3402701-011",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3402701-011",
   "text": "The Folk Theorems of game theory imply that no matter how complicated a stable coin protocol becomes, a powerful and patient player has strategies to subvert the system and profit at the expense of the group.",
   "abstract": "No matter how complicated the protocols become for creating a stable coin, there are strategies that a powerful and patient player can use to subvert the system to profit at the expense of the group",
   "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Vadhindran K. Rao, Stable Cryptocurrencies - First Order Principles (2019). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3402701",
   "datePublished": "2019",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "any fixed protocol, however complex"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "72ed2581b4cac2bd18a5b2640be959487a3cbc34c86ab5e5664924bcdb53c8e0",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782220-004",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3782220-004",
   "text": "Transcendental values are necessary for long-term stability because every formal, explicitly specified protocol is permanently exposed to strategies that subvert it, a result the authors draw from the Folk Theorems of game theory.",
   "abstract": "By the insights gleaned from the Folk Theo- rems of Game Theory, transcendental values are necessary to maintain long-term sta- bility in the face of ever-present strategies for subverting any formal, explicitly-speci- fied protocol.",
   "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, The Importance of Transcendental Unifying Values for Decentralization (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782220",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "condition",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "long-term stability",
    "formally specified protocols"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "f0bf1e80c6da60a6f8ba20630562bdf1dab171ccb5267f497dc0b815113cde99",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'protocol-subversion'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}