# Public enforcement

`kaal:entity:public-enforcement`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 2 claims that carry the concept tag `public-enforcement`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

2 claims across 2 works, 2010 to 2013.

**2010**

- [1664809-005](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1664809-005) [normative/argued] -- Because many countries choose to combat securities fraud through government enforcement rather than private litigation, the United States should respect the right of other countries to regulate their own markets.
  > respect the right of other countries to regulate their own markets.
  Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Extraterritorial Application of US Securities Law – Will the US Become the Default Jurisdiction for (2010). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1664809

**2013**

- [2337268-041](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2337268-041) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- With private enforcement foreclosed, enforcement of the IAA's prohibited transactions provision depends entirely on injunctive relief, administrative sanctions, and criminal prosecution, all of which require public actors to move.
  > Accordingly, the enforcement of the IAA's prohibited transactions provision is relegated to injunctive relief, administrative sanctions, and criminal prosecution.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Investment Adviser Regulation (2013). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2337268

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/public-enforcement.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.