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 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/regulatory-complexity",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:regulatory-complexity",
 "name": "Regulatory complexity",
 "termCode": "regulatory-complexity",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
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 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2808132-012",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2808132-012",
   "text": "The political system is less likely to be able to resolve the challenges of disruptive innovation because the increasing complexity of innovation-driven regulatory issues causes confusion among political and policy makers about rapidly emerging change.",
   "abstract": "political system is, however, less likely to be able to deal with the challenges of disruptive innovation because the increasing complexity of innovation-driven regulatory issues causes political and policy makers' confusion over rapidly-emerging disruptive",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Erik P.M. Vermeulen, How to Regulate Disruptive Innovation - From Facts to Data (2016). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2808132",
   "datePublished": "2016",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "rapidly emerging and technically complex disruptive change"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "3515f2317ed9c1d33ae55d70467cdf1f6c4e350065ea6a887d5d7619599ad7d2",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4957318-001",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:4957318-001",
   "text": "Legal accumulation is produced by a specific legislative practice: new regulations are layered over existing ones without repealing outdated provisions. The resulting corpus is more complex and less transparent, which raises compliance costs for individuals and businesses.",
   "abstract": "However, the practice of layering new regulations over existing ones without repealing outdated provisions leads to legal accumulation. This accumulation makes the legal system more complex and less transparent, increasing the compliance costs for individuals and businesses.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, The Future of Law - Dynamic Web3 Governance (2024). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4957318",
   "datePublished": "2024",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "modern legislative systems that enact new law faster than they repeal old law"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "137fb77eb82111a85f0ab5581926f762a7414ae84aaf3d56e8299db670e0e0c1",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4957318-002",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:4957318-002",
   "text": "Overlapping or contradictory regulation raises the risk of selective enforcement and legal arbitrage, because entities that cannot be expected to comply with everything can instead exploit the gaps and inconsistencies to their advantage.",
   "abstract": "When individuals and businesses struggle to understand and adhere to overlapping or contradictory regulations, the risk of selective enforcement and legal arbitrage rises, where entities exploit legal gaps and inconsistencies to their advantage.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, The Future of Law - Dynamic Web3 Governance (2024). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4957318",
   "datePublished": "2024",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "where regulated parties cannot readily understand the full body of applicable rules"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "137fb77eb82111a85f0ab5581926f762a7414ae84aaf3d56e8299db670e0e0c1",
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 "description": "3 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'regulatory-complexity'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}