# Representative democracy

`kaal:entity:representative-democracy`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 6 claims that carry the concept tag `representative-democracy`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

6 claims across 3 works, 2020 to 2021.

**2020**

- [3709041-022](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3709041-022) [failure/asserted] *(failure mode)* -- Representative democracies in the early 2020s were slow and inflexible because of their constitutional and institutional infrastructure and their legal systems, with change typically depending on the election of a new government after around four years at the earliest.
  > In the early 2020s, representative democracies were largely slow and inflexible because of their constitutional and institutional infrastructure and their respective legal systems.
  Kaal, Blockchain Technology for Good (2020). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3709041
- [3709041-023](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3709041-023) [mechanism/argued] -- A blockchain based microdemocracy's key advantage is speed of change: because technology enables incorruptible instantaneous counting and tallying of votes, voting becomes dynamic and incremental and political will is exercised more directly.
  > Because technology enables the incorruptible counting and tallying of votes instantaneously, voting can be more dynamic and incremental and political will is exercised more directly.
  Kaal, Blockchain Technology for Good (2020). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3709041

**2021**

- [3782214-037](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782214-037) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Without the ability to hold representatives to account, representatives are not incentivized to vote for outcomes reflecting their constituency's wishes and needs, but instead promote agendas that serve their personal interests and preserve their own power.
  > Without the ability to hold them to account, representatives are not incentivized to vote for outcomes that reflect the presumptive wishes and needs of their larger constituency, but for promoting the agendas which benefit their per- sonal interests and maintaining their own power.
  Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Decentralized Governance (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782214
- [3808867-012](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3808867-012) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Delegating one's vote to a third party whose ethics and belief system the voter does not truly know produces suboptimal outcomes, and delegated voting on issues that cannot be foreseen is corrupting.
  > The very notion of delegating one's vote to a third party without true knowledge of the ethics and belief system of such a third party creates suboptimal outcomes. Delegated voting on issues one cannot foresee corrupts.
  Wulf A. Kaal, How Decentralized Systems Can Upgrade AI (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3808867
- [3808867-013](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3808867-013) [failure/asserted] *(failure mode)* -- Elected representatives are incentivized to maintain their own power of office rather than to vote for outcomes reflecting the presumptive wishes and needs of their constituents.
  > Voted representatives are not incentivized to vote for outcomes that reflect the presumptive wishes and needs of their constituents but for maintaining their own power of office.
  Wulf A. Kaal, How Decentralized Systems Can Upgrade AI (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3808867
- [3808867-014](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3808867-014) [condition/argued] -- Ex ante remedies for the downsides of representative democracy were not technologically possible when democratic representation was designed, so its downsides such as corruption, bribery, and bias had to be tolerated as inevitable tradeoffs.
  > Ex-ante remedies to overcome these downsides of representative democracies were not technologically possible.
  Wulf A. Kaal, How Decentralized Systems Can Upgrade AI (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3808867

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/representative-democracy.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.