# Sample size

`kaal:entity:sample-size`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 7 claims that carry the concept tag `sample-size`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

7 claims across 4 works, 2012 to 2015.

**2012**

- [2150377-013](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2150377-013) [failure/evidenced] *(failure mode)* -- The hedge fund industry's concern with confidentiality and privacy is itself an obstacle to empirical research: it made obtaining a substantial effective sample size for this study difficult, independent of the survey design.
  > Given the particular concern in the hedge fund industry regarding confidentiality and privacy, obtaining a substantial effective sample size for this study proved difficult.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Hedge Fund Manager Registration Under the Dodd-Frank Act (2012). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2150377
- [2150377-014](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2150377-014) [empirical/evidenced] -- Persistent multi-channel follow-up, by fax, e-mail, and telephone, yielded ninety-four completed surveys, a 7.42% response rate from a population of 1267, which is substantially higher than response rates in prior surveys of this industry.
  > This procedure proved successful and yielded ninety-four completed surveys, a response rate of 7.42% of a population of 1267. This response rate is substantially higher than the response rate of prior surveys in a related context.175
  Wulf A. Kaal, Hedge Fund Manager Registration Under the Dodd-Frank Act (2012). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2150377
- [2150377-035](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2150377-035) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Prior surveys of hedge fund manager expectations left the central questions unanswered because they were fielded before the registration effective date and used substantially smaller samples, so they measured anticipation rather than experience.
  > These prior studies left many questions unanswered because they were conducted before the registration effective date and had substantially lower sample sizes.204
  Wulf A. Kaal, Hedge Fund Manager Registration Under the Dodd-Frank Act (2012). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2150377

**2014**

- [2389423-022](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2389423-022) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Selection bias is a valid concern in this study because of the lower sample sizes available for Models 1 through 5.
  > While selection bias is generic problem in social sciences, concerns over selection bias in this study due to the lower sample sizes for Model 1-5 is a valid concern
  Wulf A. Kaal, The Impact of Dodd-Frank Act Compliance Cost on the Hedge Fund Industry (2014). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2389423
- [2389423-035](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2389423-035) [empirical/argued] *(failure mode)* -- The findings of this study are based on limited data and a small sample size, so additional research is required to fully investigate the impact of Title IV on the private fund industry.
  > Several limitations in this study seem to suggest that additional research may be required to fully investigate the impact of Title IV on the private fund industry. The findings of this study are based on limited data and a small sample size.
  Wulf A. Kaal, The Impact of Dodd-Frank Act Compliance Cost on the Hedge Fund Industry (2014). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2389423
- [2447306-010](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2447306-010) [empirical/evidenced] -- Despite contacting the entire population of 3669 SEC-registered private fund advisers by fax and e-mail over more than five months, the study obtained only 52 respondents, a response rate of 0.014 percent.
  > After multiple attempts to reach the entire population in over five months, respondents ([n=52]) (0.014%) answered questions in several categories designed to identify the effectiveness of Form PF.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Private Fund Disclosures Under the Dodd-Frank Act (2014). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2447306

**2015**

- [2629451-035](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2629451-035) [failure/asserted] *(failure mode)* -- The findings rest on a small sample and limited data, so they should be treated as provisional pending replication on a larger set of publicly traded N/DPA firms.
  > The findings of this study are based on a small sample size and limited data.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Timothy Lacine, Stock Price Response to Non- and Deferred Prosecution Agreements (2015). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2629451

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/sample-size.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.