{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/scope",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:scope",
 "name": "Scope",
 "termCode": "scope",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/scope.md",
 "sha256": "6fce6596dc92ff0a04e1e28b760b30c7240560bcec938d931f68f5e363894f22",
 "additionalProperty": [
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   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "status",
   "value": "derived"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "claim_count",
   "value": 3
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "work_count",
   "value": 3
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2010",
    "2021"
   ]
  },
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   "name": "non_current_claims",
   "value": 0
  }
 ],
 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1664809-009",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:1664809-009",
   "text": "The significant steps standard of section 7216 is probably broader than the Second Circuit's conduct and effect test, and the proposed statutory language would therefore reach a wider range of defendants.",
   "abstract": "statutory language in section 7216 is arguably broader than the",
   "citation": "Richard W. Painter, Wulf A. Kaal, Extraterritorial Application of US Securities Law – Will the US Become the Default Jurisdiction for (2010). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1664809",
   "datePublished": "2010",
   "claim_type": "condition",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "comparison of section 7216 language with existing Second Circuit doctrine"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "2d5c8c30f969f8eb613bfa1fe6888a7cfa1a452e1027bcda0489618ceac62c20",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3117224-020",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3117224-020",
   "text": "The United States was excluded from the comparative jurisdictional analysis because its regulatory setup for cryptocurrencies and DLT business was still too uncertain at the time of publication.",
   "abstract": "The regulatory setup for cryptocurrencies and DLT business was still too uncertain in the United States to be included in the below discussion at the time of publication of this article.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Initial Coin Offerings The Top 25 Jurisdictions and Their Comparative Regulatory Responses (2018). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3117224",
   "datePublished": "2018",
   "claim_type": "empirical",
   "confidence": "asserted",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "as of publication in 2018"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "83e9ccb9219a217d9fcfc5c098b897229ee7cf85623bee3ae22d2e986548466b",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3782191-005",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3782191-005",
   "text": "Because different kinds of decentralization have knock-on effects on one another, an adequate definition of decentralization requires an inclusive scope derived from its core characteristics rather than a domain specific formulation.",
   "abstract": "Accordingly, a definition of decentraliza- tion necessitates an inclusive scope that derives from its core characteristics.",
   "citation": "Craig Calcaterra, Wulf A. Kaal, Preface to (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3782191",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "condition",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "defining decentralization across domains"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "b0bf0529c3cf69839879bc4da476714efee2717a4beb768bd5c859b810e6174e",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "3 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'scope'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}