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 "identifier": "kaal:entity:shareholder-value",
 "name": "Shareholder value",
 "termCode": "shareholder-value",
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 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
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   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/kaal-2013-acomparativeperspectiveo-006",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:kaal-2013-acomparativeperspectiveo-006",
   "text": "Losses alone are not sufficient to hold directors personally liable for taking risks that lead to those losses, because risk is inherent in maximizing shareholder value.",
   "abstract": "Losses alone were not sufficient to hold directors personally liable for taking risks that lead to losses because risk is inherent in maximizing shareholder value.",
   "citation": "Kaal, A Comparative Perspective on the Limitations of the Duty of Oversight – A Comment on Lisa Fairfax (2013)",
   "datePublished": "2013",
   "claim_type": "condition",
   "confidence": "evidenced",
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   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2922176-004",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:2922176-004",
   "text": "A focus on quarterly earnings and short-term stock price performance distracts an organization from identifying the strategies that would keep the firm relevant, which is why financially successful companies can still lose their market.",
   "abstract": "can easily distract an organization from the important business task of identifying strategies that can help a firm remain relevant in the future.",
   "citation": "Mark Fenwick, Wulf A. Kaal, Erik P. M. Vermeulen, The ‘Unmediated’ and ‘Tech-Driven’ Corporate Governance of Today's Winning Companies (2017). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2922176",
   "datePublished": "2017",
   "claim_type": "failure",
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   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3411897-013",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3411897-013",
   "text": "Less successful companies share a myopic short term focus on shareholder value maximization, which produces an unhealthy emphasis on share price, market valuations, and financial metrics that obscure issues of relevancy.",
   "abstract": "Less successful companies often share a myopic and short-term focus on shareholder value maximization that has led to an unhealthy emphasis on firm share price, market valuations, and financial metrics that obscure issues of relevancy.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Decentralization - Past, Present, and Future (2019). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3411897",
   "datePublished": "2019",
   "claim_type": "failure",
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   "scope_conditions": [
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   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3808859-003",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3808859-003",
   "text": "Firms that fare worst under disruptive innovation share a myopic short-term focus on shareholder value maximization, because emphasis on share price and financial metrics obscures the question of whether the firm remains relevant.",
   "abstract": "Less successful companies often share a myopic and short-term focus on shareholder value maximization that has led to an unhealthy emphasis on firm share price, market valuations, and financial metrics that obscure issues of relevancy.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Decentralization – Why We Need Technology Infrastructure Upgrades (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3808859",
   "datePublished": "2021",
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   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/5454054-011",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:5454054-011",
   "text": "LER converts marketing expenditure into shareholder value by redirecting budgets from conventional advertising, whose returns are indirect and uncertain, into voucher rewards that flow directly to shareholders.",
   "abstract": "Instead of allocating budgets to conventional advertising campaigns with indirect or uncertain returns, in the LER system, companies can channel these resources into LER-based voucher rewards that directly benefit shareholders.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Liquid Equity Rewards (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5454054",
   "datePublished": "2025",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
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 "description": "5 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'shareholder-value'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}