# Stock options

`kaal:entity:stock-options`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 2 claims that carry the concept tag `stock-options`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

2 claims across 2 works, 2012 to 2017.

**2012**

- [2097160-025](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2097160-025) [mechanism/argued] -- Replacing stock options with contingent convertible bonds both lowers total executive compensation and disincentivizes short-termism and the executive focus on quarterly stock price performance.
  > If stock options are replaced with CCBs, not only would the total compensation for executives be lowered; short-termism and executives' focus on quarterly stock price performance would also be disincentivized.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Contingent Capital in Executive Compensation (2012). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2097160

**2017**

- [2957645-023](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/2957645-023) [mechanism/argued] -- Where conversion has a negative effect on stock price, management is further incentivized to maintain and manage risk in order to avoid reputational loss and the income reduction caused by losses in stock options.
  > In situations where conversion had a negative effect on stock price,49 management could be incentivized further to maintain and manage risk to avoid reputational loss and income reduction due to losses in stock
  Kaal, Dynamic Regulation via Contingent Capital (2017). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2957645

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/stock-options.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.