{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/tiered-membership",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:tiered-membership",
 "name": "Tiered membership",
 "termCode": "tiered-membership",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/tiered-membership.md",
 "sha256": "1800ca214eed5802b587b335acd610c08780f09b2d863364c26d049449e3d60d",
 "additionalProperty": [
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   "@type": "PropertyValue",
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   "value": "derived"
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   "value": 2
  },
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   "value": 2
  },
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   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2023",
    "2024"
   ]
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  }
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 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4529715-040",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:4529715-040",
   "text": "When only a minority of members, such as Audius node operators, can stake or earn weighted votes, the majority of token holders occupy the same powerless position as an ordinary shareholder in a corporation.",
   "abstract": "The downside of their structure is that only a minority of users are able to use staking or weighted tokens for voting. Thus, a majority of token holders remain in the same position as any general shareholder of a corporation relative to their power.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Josh Bykowski, Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAO) – A Market Meta Analysis (2023). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4529715",
   "datePublished": "2023",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "tiered voting where staking is restricted to node operators"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "2d71961e8c449afbeaf45ca4f53de8a575d45c77d6960b767d3d1d0874f296b5",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/5254152-037",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:5254152-037",
   "text": "Tiered membership models that tie governance rights and influence to token holdings introduce imbalance and a centralization element into DAO governance, as scored for Bankless DAO.",
   "abstract": "The tiered membership model ties rights and influence to token holdings, creating an imbalance and centralization element in its governance (G: 4).",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, DAO Market Meta Analysis 2024 (2024). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5254152",
   "datePublished": "2024",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "evidenced",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "DAOs with contributor tiers or access levels keyed to token ownership"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "bb2052d809a4615f0f3e2526ba6416293c40d00260149ba4fe6f38addf052796",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'tiered-membership'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}