{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/treaties",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:treaties",
 "name": "Treaties",
 "termCode": "treaties",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
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 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/5554218-026",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:5554218-026",
   "text": "Binding conventions in digital law typically achieve only moderate ratification, yet their principles still permeate national legislation inspired by them, producing de facto harmonization without formal accession.",
   "abstract": "This pattern illustrates a common dynamic in digital law: binding conventions often see only moderate adoption. Nevertheless, their principles may permeate national legislation inspired by the convention, yielding de facto harmonization.",
   "citation": "Furrer Andreas, Wulf A. Kaal, Universal Digital Law Codex (UDLC) Building the Legal Infrastructure for the Digital Era (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5554218",
   "datePublished": "2025",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "evidenced",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "treaty instruments such as the 2005 Electronic Communications Convention"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "55738b4035a91b70aa2ddaa127552fe4b373ec641afee2719fbdcabebdcbea44",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/5887242-003",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:5887242-003",
   "text": "Each traditional lawmaking channel fails the speed test in its own way: legislatures need years for a single technological shift, judicial precedent lags even further behind, and international treaties ossify at the moment of ratification.",
   "abstract": "Traditional legislatures require years to address a single technological shift. Judicial precedent lags even further behind. International treaties ossify upon ratification.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, The UDLC DAO Operationalizing a Continuously Evolving Universal Digital Law Codex Through Weighted (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5887242",
   "datePublished": "2025",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "asserted",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "4e5c2e2b4304af6d22e0b0939b1fddeabcf091e19a1b00b7bfccf77cbd6280c5",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'treaties'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}