# Validator expertise

`kaal:entity:validator-expertise`

**Status.** derived

This node is assembled mechanically from the 2 claims that carry the concept tag `validator-expertise`. It is a roster of what the corpus says under this term. It is **not** an adjudicated definition: no single statement here has been ruled canonical, and no first-appearance call has been made. Read the claims and judge for yourself.

## Every claim under this term

2 claims across 1 works, 2021 to 2021.

**2021**

- [3931933-017](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3931933-017) [failure/evidenced] *(failure mode)* -- Lack of validator expertise degraded the initial Casper testnet, with only around 85 percent of testnet nodes up to date and roughly 140 active machines contributing nothing to the network.
  > Lack of expertise also afflicted the initial Casper testnet. Only around 85% of the testnet nodes were up-to-date, with the rest of the active machines (around 140 machines at the time) not contributing to the network at all. Judging by the discussion and questions in the telegram channel,
  Wulf A. Kaal, Hybrid Secure Proof of Stake (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3931933
- [3931933-018](https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3931933-018) [failure/argued] *(failure mode)* -- Reward focused participation crowds out technical engagement: many Casper testnet participants lacked the expertise to run nodes, and their questions concentrated on reward payments with little to no focus on technical topics.
  > Judging by the discussion and questions in the telegram channel, many testnet participants also did not have the required expertise to run Casper testnet nodes. Questions primarily focused on reward payments, with little to no focus on the technical topics.
  Wulf A. Kaal, Hybrid Secure Proof of Stake (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3931933

## Verify

Every claim above resolves to a record carrying a verbatim source quote, the sha256 of the source PDF, and a preformatted citation. Nothing here asks to be taken on trust.

    curl -s https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/validator-expertise.md | sha256sum

**Canonical form.** This markdown file is the canonical hashed representation of this entity node. Its sha256 is the content hash.