{
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 "identifier": "kaal:entity:valuation-standards",
 "name": "Valuation standards",
 "termCode": "valuation-standards",
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 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
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 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/1428387-003",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:1428387-003",
   "text": "Existing international proposals and guidelines on hedge fund valuation fail because they do not adequately distinguish between retail and qualified investors, and as of 2009 no legislature has issued an exhaustive set of rules addressing the factors that cause inaccurate valuation.",
   "abstract": "They also do not adequately distinguish between retail investors and qualified investors.11 So far, no legislature has issued an exhaustive set of rules to address the factors that lead to inaccurate valuation.",
   "citation": "Kaal, Hedge Fund Valuation Retailization, Regulation, and Investor Suitability (2009). SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1428387",
   "datePublished": "2009",
   "claim_type": "failure",
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   "scope_conditions": [
    "as of the time of writing, 2009"
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   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4033886-009",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:4033886-009",
   "text": "The absence of digital asset valuation standards generates uncertainty and confusion for both investors and managers, and the industry would be better off with uniform standards.",
   "abstract": "The lack of standards for digital asset valuation leads to uncertainty and confusion among investors and managers. The industry would benefit from uniform standards for digital asset valuation.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Samuel Evans, Hayley Howe, Digital Asset Valuation (2022). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4033886",
   "datePublished": "2022",
   "claim_type": "normative",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
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   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4033886-040",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:4033886-040",
   "text": "Uniform digital asset valuation standards can only evolve over time as the market evolves, because standard setting requires common core practices, and those practices are only slowly emerging.",
   "abstract": "Such standards can evolve over time as the market evolves. Standard setting requires common core practices what are slowly evolving.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Samuel Evans, Hayley Howe, Digital Asset Valuation (2022). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4033886",
   "datePublished": "2022",
   "claim_type": "condition",
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 ],
 "description": "3 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'valuation-standards'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}