{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/vote-incentives",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:vote-incentives",
 "name": "Vote incentives",
 "termCode": "vote-incentives",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/vote-incentives.md",
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   "value": [
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    "2025"
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 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/5583610-030",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:5583610-030",
   "text": "In ESG disputes, a board facing an aggressive shareholder proposal can deploy LER to distribute vouchers to shareholders who vote for management's competing proposal.",
   "abstract": "In response, the board, favoring a more balanced ESG strategy, could deploy LER to distribute voucher rewards to shareholders who vote in favor of management's proposal.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Liquid Equity Rewards in Corporate America (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5583610",
   "datePublished": "2025",
   "claim_type": "design",
   "confidence": "asserted",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "contested ESG shareholder proposals"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "2d73609d95ddb1573acc2a9e7af617fbe6283d6e591deb6317f6d5d804517c62",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/5583610-031",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:5583610-031",
   "text": "Boards can use LER to build shareholder backing for corporate political activity, airdropping utility rewards to holders who vote for management-backed PAC funding or lobbying resolutions.",
   "abstract": "LER enables incumbent boards to incentivize shareholder support for corporate PACs or lobbying efforts by airdropping utility rewards to shareholders who vote in favor of management-backed initiatives.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Liquid Equity Rewards in Corporate America (2025). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5583610",
   "datePublished": "2025",
   "claim_type": "design",
   "confidence": "asserted",
   "is_failure_mode": false,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "post Citizens United corporate political spending",
    "SEC disclosure of reward terms"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "2d73609d95ddb1573acc2a9e7af617fbe6283d6e591deb6317f6d5d804517c62",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'vote-incentives'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}