{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "DefinedTerm",
 "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/voter-apathy",
 "identifier": "kaal:entity:voter-apathy",
 "name": "Voter apathy",
 "termCode": "voter-apathy",
 "inDefinedTermSet": {
  "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/index.json"
 },
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Wulf A. Kaal",
  "identifier": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-275X"
 },
 "dateModified": "2026-07-29",
 "canonicalForm": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/entities/voter-apathy.md",
 "sha256": "d38b6e84308153dfa7be72dc84492de7e19e648399779c274a96a0478bd8fad7",
 "additionalProperty": [
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   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "status",
   "value": "derived"
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "claim_count",
   "value": 2
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "work_count",
   "value": 2
  },
  {
   "@type": "PropertyValue",
   "name": "year_span",
   "value": [
    "2021",
    "2022"
   ]
  },
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   "name": "non_current_claims",
   "value": 0
  }
 ],
 "subjectOf": [
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/3808873-018",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:3808873-018",
   "text": "Overreliance on the design of constitutional democracies limits experimentation with decentralized solutions for organizing society, because exclusive reliance on a single legal document combined with widespread voter apathy makes the constitutional model appear to be the only lasting form of organization.",
   "abstract": "Overreliance on the design of constitutional democracies limits experimentation with decentralized solutions for the organization of society.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, Decentralization Neutralizers (2021). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3808873",
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "claim_type": "failure",
   "confidence": "argued",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "constitutional democracies as the dominant form of organizing society"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "f11493915e6b8c266d421510b5546816e33defb5650aac9d09b20d78549da727",
   "status": "current"
  },
  {
   "@type": "Claim",
   "@id": "https://wulfkaal.github.io/claims/4067783-013",
   "identifier": "kaal:claim:4067783-013",
   "text": "Dispersed, passive token holders cannot defend a DAO: because power in Build Finance DAO was not decentralized, the silent majority of token holders lacked the voting power to block the takeover, after which the attacker minted and sold tokens by draining liquidity pools.",
   "abstract": "Because of the lack of decentralized power in the Build Finance DAO, the silent majority of token holders did not have enough voting power to prevent the takeover. As a result, the attacker minted and sold various tokens by draining liquidity pools.",
   "citation": "Wulf A. Kaal, DAO Fallacies (2022). SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4067783",
   "datePublished": "2022",
   "claim_type": "mechanism",
   "confidence": "evidenced",
   "is_failure_mode": true,
   "scope_conditions": [
    "low participation among dispersed token holders"
   ],
   "source_pdf_sha256": "48f1e307cdbbe28c7843f7744d0ba8cf01662f257a53f2066a7a6c7e03a5acec",
   "status": "current"
  }
 ],
 "description": "2 claims in the published works of Wulf A. Kaal carry the concept tag 'voter-apathy'. Derived node: a roster, not an adjudicated definition."
}